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Document 0673
DOCN M94A0673
TI Assessing health service interventions in HIV-disease.
DT 9412
AU Beck EJ; Academic Department of Public Health, St. Mary's Hospital
Medical; School, Imperial College, UK.
SO Annu Conf Australas Soc HIV Med. 1993 Oct 28-30;5:46 (abstract no. SE1).
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ASHM5/94348982
AB AIM: To assess the effectiveness of health service interventions in
HIV-disease, pathophysiological indices need to be interpreted within
the context of service utilisation and specific treatment received. This
interrelationship will be demonstrated in terms of outcome of first AIDS
defining (index) episode of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP),
longterm survival from time of index episode of PCP and changing
patterns of service utilisation. METHOD: Pathophysiological indices and
health service utilisation data were collected retrospectively from
casenotes of patients with index episode of PCP treated at St. Mary's
Hospital, 1983-90. Univariate analysis identified biomedical and service
utilisation indices associated with episode outcome (death/survival) and
logistic regression was used to integrate these variables. Life
regression and life test analyses were used to relate index episode to
two-year survival. RESULTS: 159 (74%) of first time episodes during the
study period were index episodes. Case-fatality decreased significantly
over time as did A-a gradient on admission. Conversely, the time
interval between diagnosis of HIV infection and PCP (HIV-PCP) increased:
duration HIV-PCP was strongly associated with number of outpatient
visits and lung function tests prior to index episode, while a
significant inverse relationship existed between A-a gradient and
duration HIV-PCP, outpatient visits and lung function test respectively.
Logistic regression demonstrated that A-a gradient was inversely related
with episode outcome while haemoglobin level, duration HIV-PCP and
lymphocyte count were directly associated with episode outcome. Type of
treatment received during the admission was also related to severity of
PCP on admission. Two-year survival improved significantly over the
study period. Life regression demonstrated lymphocyte count and A-a
gradient of index episode to be significantly related to longterm
survival. When controlling for lymphocyte count and A-a gradient,
haemoglobin, duration HIV-PCP and year of diagnosis were also
significantly associated with longterm survival. DISCUSSION: Earlier
presentation, diagnosis and treatment of patients with and index episode
of PCP reduced case-fatality and improved longterm survival. These
improvements occurred independently of zidovudine therapy or primary PCP
prophylaxis. Only when pathophysiological parameters are interpreted
within the context of service utilisation can the effectiveness of
health service interventions be assessed. Effective interventions then
need to be assessed in terms of their efficiency and acceptability in
order to determine HIV-related service provision.
DE AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/DIAGNOSIS/*MORTALITY Great
Britain/EPIDEMIOLOGY Health Resources/*UTILIZATION Human Patient Care
Team/*UTILIZATION Pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii/DIAGNOSIS/*MORTALITY
Regression Analysis Retrospective Studies Survival Rate MEETING
ABSTRACT
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).